I am recaping what I learned from tutorialspoint.com so far
Identifier:I can define taht is c++
Keyword:Some reserved keywords on a language
Whitespace: gape between two text
Trigraphs:We can define some sign in other ways
cout<<"Print"<<endl;//for print and newline //comments /* Comment */
Data Types:
Primitive Built In Types
int //integer type
float //floating point(doshomik)
char //character like ‘A’ ‘B’ C’ ‘D’
double //double floating point
void //Valueless
w_char //Wide character
Those data types can be modified by this
signed //positive and negative both
unsigned //positive
short //2 bytes
long //4 bytes
So if we modify those then we can get those in the chart
Type But Width Of Type Range of Type
char 1byte -127 to 127 or 0 to 255
unsigned char 1 byte 0 to 255
signed char 1 byte -127 to 127
int 4bytes
unsigned int 4bytes
signed int 4 bytes
short int 2 bytes
unsigned short int need range
signed short int need range
long int 4 bytes
unsigned long int 4 bytes
signed long int 4 bytes
float 4 bytes
double 8 bytes
long double 8 bytes
wchar_t 2 or 4 bytes
Typedef:
We can define type to any name
like this default syntax
typedef int zakilive
zakilive a; //Here zakilive is representing type int
Enumerated data types:
We can learn from syntax
enum enum-name{list of names} var-list
enum color{red,green,blue} c;
c=green;
enum color{red,green=5,blue};
so value of blue is 6
Variable Types:
We can use extern keyword to find codes from outside file
we have to know lvalue and rvalue
rvalue is right side after equal sign/assignment operator
lvalue is left side after equal sign/assignment operator[refer to memory location]
Variable Scope:
Local[define variable inside a function]
Global[define outside of a function but use in any function on the desired code]
Literals:
legal or illegal for various type integer literals,float literals,character literals,boolean type literals etc
Boolean : True or False
character literals:
example:
\\
\a /*beep */
\b backspace
\f formfeed
\n newline
Constants
#define
const
Modifier Types:
Same as above mentioned
Storage Class:
auto
register
static
extern
mutable
C++ Operators:
Arithmetic
Logical
Bitwise
Assignment
Relational
Ternary
dot->arrow
sizeof
comma,
casting,
~(it means binary ones complement and effects of flipping bits here (~A) = -61 which is 1100 0011 in 2s complement form due to a signed binary number),
pointer operator &(define address of a variable) example variable:zaki address on memory location &zaki
pointer operator *(define variable) example:pointint to a variable zaki by this *zaki
Operators precedence
