Actually C++ strings are two types
1. Traditional C style character string
2. String class type Introduces in Standard C++
Example of C-style string:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char greetings[5]={'H','E','L','L','o'};//here one place is automatically adding by the compiler backslash zero \0
cout<<"Greetings: ";
cout<<greetings<<endl;
//we can define this manually to show actually it is working
char greet[5]={'H','M','M','\0'};
cout<<"GREET: ";
cout<<greet;
return 0;
}
Some builtin strings function came from language C
strcpy(s1,s2); //copies s2 into s1
strcat(s1,s2); //concatenates string s2 at the end of the string s1
strlen(s1); //returns the length of the string s1..length means actually size that means how many letters is in the string with white spaces and spaces
strcmp(s1,s2); //returns 0 if s1==s2 s1 and s2 are same if less than 0 s1<s2 and greater than 0 s1>s2
strchr(s1,ch);returns a pointer at the first occurence f character ch in string s1
strstr(s1,s2); //retruns a pointer to the first occurence of string s2 in string s1
Example here:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int main(){
char str1[10]={"Hello"};
char str2[10]={"Zaki"};
char str3[10];
int doirgho;
strcpy(str3,str1);//copy str1 into str3
cout<<"strcpy: "<<str3<<endl;
strcat(str1,str2);
cout<<"strcat: "<<str1<<endl;
doirgho=strlen(str1);
cout<<"Length: "<<doirgho<<endl;
return 0;
}
In C++ Standard String Class:
Here we are using the library header #include<string> that is c++ built in header for strings manipulation…
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str1="Hello";
string str2="World";
string str3;
int doirgho;
str3=str1;//copy str1 into str3
cout<<"str3: "<<str3<<endl;
//concatening str1 and str2
str3=str1+str2;
cout<<"str1+str2: "<<str3<<endl;
//total length of str3 after concatenation
doirgho=str3.size();
cout<<"str3.size(): "<<doirgho<<endl;
return 0;
}
